UMUSI MUKURU W’ABAKOZI UKOMOKAHE?

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🔴 Umusi mukuru w’abakozi wavuye hehe ?

Uyu musi Uburundi bwahimbaje umusi mukuru w’abakozi, usanzwe uhimbazwa buri wa mbere rusama. Uwo musi mukuru urahimbazwa mu bihugu bishika 107 mw’isi yose. Naho ahatari hake uyu musi abakozi bagenda gutambuka imbere y’abategetsi, mbere abategetsi akaba aribo bishimagiza, ubundi ni umusi wagenewe urugamba rw’abakozi basaba uburenganzira bwabo no kworoherezwa mu kazi.

Intango y’uwa mbere rusama ni urugamba rwo gukora amasaha munani ku musi. Naho ubu womengo gukora amasaha munani ku musi ni ikintu gisanzwe, ivyo vyabonetse biciye mu maraso y’abakozi.

🔴 Umugumuko w’abakozi b’i Chicago ku wa 01/5/1886.

Mu 1884, ikoraniro kaminuza ry’amasendika yo muri Amerika yashinze ko atanguje urugamba rwo kuronka amasaha munani y’akazi ku musi. Ico gihe mu bihugu vya Bulaya n’Amerika, abakozi bakora amasaha 10 canke 12 ku musi. Ku wa mbere rusama 1886 niho abakozi barenga 340.000 bahagarika akazi mu gihugu cose ca Amerika basaba ko hashirwaho amasaha munani y’akazi ku musi. Muri Chicago ho, imyiyerekano y’abakozi yarabandanije no mu misi yakurikiye. Ku wa 3 rusama, abakozi batatu barishwe mu myiyerekano. Bukeye haduka imyiyerekano yindi, maze mu gihe abakozi bari bahanganye n’abapolisi, haratewe grenade hapfa umupolisi, abandi indwi bahitanwa n’intureka hagati y’abapolisi n’abakozi. Ku wa 11 munyonyo 1887, abakozi bane baramanitswe bagirizwa ko ari bo bateye iyo grenade, uwundi ariyahura imbere yo kumanikwa.

Umwe mu bakozi bamanitswe yagize ati :

« Hari igihe kizoza agacerere kacu kazogira inguvu kurusha aya majwi yacu muriko murazivya uno musi. (Le jour viendra où notre silence sera plus puissant que les voix que vous étranglez aujourd’hui) ». Ayo majambo yanyuma ya August Spies yanditswe gushika uno musi mu kaburi k’aho bita Waldheim i Chicago.

🔴 Uwa mbere rusama wahavuye uhinduka umusi w’abakozi !

Mu 1889, inama nkuru y’abafise ivyiyumviro vya gisocialiste (IIème Internationale Socialiste) yashinze ko, inyuma y’ivyabereye i Chicago, italiki ya mbere ya rusama bazokwama bawugira umusi w’imyiyerekano yo gusaba amasaha munani y’akazi ku musi, ni ukuvuga amasaha 48 mu ndwi. Mu 1890, mu bisagara vyinshi vya Bulaya, uwo musi warahimbajwe ubwambere, imyiyerekano y’abakozi irakorwa n’abakozi. Mu 1891, mu myiyerekano y’abakozi yabereye mu gisagara ca Fourmies mu Bufaransa, igipolisi carashe abantu 10. Gutyo uwa mbere rusama uca urinjira rwose mu migenzo y’amashirahamwe y’abakozi nk’umusi wo guharanira uburenganzira bwabo.

Ku wa 23 ndamukiza 1919, Inama Nkenguzamateka y’Ubufaransa yashinze ko abakozi bazohora bakora amasaha munani ku kandi ko uwa mbere rusama ubaye Umusi mukuru w’abakozi. Mu 1920, URSS nayo nyene yashinze ko uwa mbere rusama ari umusi w’akaruhuko kandi uhembwa (jour chômé et payé), banawita Umusi mukuru w’abakozi. Mu myaka yakurikiye ibihugu vyinshi vyarafashe iyo ngingo, ariko henshi batera bawugira umusi w’ubutegetsi buvuga ibijanye n’akazi, gutyo bawaka kuba umusi abakozi basaba uburenganzira bwabo bakerekana akarenganyo bakorerwa. Uyu musi ibihugu nka vyose vyo muri Afrika, Ubulaya na Asia birahimbaza Umusi mukuru w’abakozi. Muri za Amerika bo bahisemwo iyindi taliki naho ku wa mbere rusama amasendika atunganya ibikorwa bitandukanye.

🔴 Mu Burundi ho ni gute ?

Nkuko bimeze henshi kw’isi, Umusi mukuru w’abakozi Leta yarawivye iwugira umusi mukuru wayo, yo nyene ariyo yivugira ivyo irangura, ikihimbaza, abakozi bagatambuka imbere yayo, ikayaga ivyo ishatse vyerekeye abakozi. Kenshi Leta irarondera Umukuru w’amasendika avuga ijambo, bigaherera ngaho.

Uyu musi ibibazo vy’abakozi ni vyinshi cane ariko bitaza kuvugwa ku musi wabo. Kuronka akazi bisigaye bica mu kimenyane, mu giturire no kuryamana kw’abigeme n’abakoresha, ni nde aza kuvyiyamiriza ? Ni nde aza kuvugira abakozi b’amashirahamwe yo kurarira bagihembwa ibihumbi 50 ku kwezi kandi bakakwa uburenganzira bwose bw’umukozi ? Ni nde aza kuvugira ababoyi n’abayaya bagifashwe nk’abaja ? Ni nde aza kuvugira abasirikare n’abapolisi nabo bakirimwo abahembwa ibihumbi 60 ku kwezi ? Ni nde aza kuvugira abakozi b’ama restaurants, ama hôtels, n’abandi benshi bakorera abigenga ugasanga bafatwa nk’abaja babo kandi batarihirwa amafaranga yo kwivuza canke ay’integabizoza ? Nta mezi arahera umukuru w’igihugu avuze ko amasendika y’abigisha akora ibikorwa vy’iterabwoba, ni nde aza kuvyiyamiriza ? Abakozi batobato muri FOMI baratabaza ko bacurwa bufuni na buhoro, ni nde aza kubavugira ? Hari abakozi bakorera muri BANCOBU n’ayandi mashirahamwe batagifise uburenganzira bwabo, ahubwo igice kinini c’imishahara kija mu masosiyete yitwa ngo yabarondereye akazi, abo ni nde aza kubavugira ? Aho guha ijambo abakozi bakavuga ayo bagowe kandi bagasaba uburenganzira, nta nkeka ko Leta ariyo iza kwishogora yihayagiza.

Iciza c’uyu musi ariko, nuko rya jambo rya August Spies ryahindutse ukuri : abamumanitse ngo ni umugumutsi ntibari bazi ko ijwi ryiwe riziganza, gukora amasaha munani ku musi bigahinduka itegeko mw’isi yose. Uyu musi amaLeta ariko ahimbaza igikorwa c’abakoze imyiyerekano, bakanicwa na Leta, ariko ukuri kwabo kurahava kuriganza inyuma y’imyaka myinshi bapfuye

TUBUPFURIJE UMUSI MUKURU MWIZA MWIBUKAKO TUWUHIMBARIZA MURI PROVICE KAYANZA STADE GATWARO

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